|
Set of communication rules of simplified English language (given, by definition by ICAO), adjusted for simpler (by grammar, semantics and phonetics), non-conflictial and standardized, clear and efficient way of substantial inter-understanding between Air Traffic Control Officer and Pilot-in-Command, between Air Traffic Control Officer and other Air Traffic Control Officer or between one Pilot-in-Command and other Pilot-in-Command, intended solely for professional aviation use, for the best theoretical and practical flight safety performance, at given level of aviation technology. ==Semantic and operational strategy, scope and rules== Radio communication in aeronautical phraseologic way, is, by practical circumstances, a very predictable set of situations, and due the nature of one-channel communication, where incursions in conversation can occur in quite significant share of possible situations and in everyday practice (so called "stuck mike" or "clipped transmission"), to "pre-understand" way of hierarchy and strategy in this communications, is absolutely essential, and some of that is: # By definition, in ICAO documents, ATCO's right to give orders to the pilot is primary. # By the same definition, Pilot-in-Command (P-i-C) has ultimate right to decide upon the order from ATCO ("Pilot's Discretion"). # Way of "pre-understanding" by ATCO's side is that ATCO ALWAYS gives an INDIRECT ORDER (command) to P-i-C, and in the same time, it gives announcement to all the interested pilots, an information about what is given to specific P-i-C, considering - what all the rest of present pilots should have in mind, regarding theirs future actions and "tactical plans" during present flights. # Way of "pre-understanding" by P-i-C side is that he or she shall COMPLY TO THE ORDER by ATCO, if not STATED OPPOSITE. # During all the calls to given subject of conversation (by ATCO, or by P-i-C) it should be understood that PHYSICAL RADIO-COMMUNICATION IS PROBABLE, BUT NOT ABSOLUTELLY ASSURED. # Some specific words must have unique aeronautical meaning due fact that during previous cca 100 years of air traffic new occasions and not-foreseen situations have been occurring, with catastrophic aftermaths (if conversation is done under "common English language" rules), and at given level of aviation technology, including present TCAS II collision avoidance system, advantage is somewhere and sometimes given to the technology instead to the human factor. (e.g. : "''roger''" means -> "we have received all of yours last transmission" or, in wider context : "we have understood and we shall proceed as expected" or "you have to understand and you shall proceed as expected", in comparison to "''wilco''" , meaning "we shall comply") # Deviation from Aeronautical Phraseology's rules and switch to standard English language IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS is not prohibited, but should be confined-by-time during conversations, since (ICAO 4444 ) document basic rule is TIME SEPARATION between subjects which are trafficking in controlled airspace, so time management and efficiency during Aeronautical Phraseology's conversations is always essential. Further, ICAO Annex 10, Vol. 2 specifies some of technique and skills for efficient aeronautical phraseology performance: a. listen out on frequency to ensure no interference from another station b. place microphone directly in front of your mouth c. do not turn away from microphone while transmitting d. use normal conversational voice, speak clearly and distinctly e. maintain an even rate of speech (not exceeding 100 words per minute) f. maintain speaking volume at an even level g. use a slight pause before and after numbers to ensure understanding h. avoid using long hesitations i. depress microphone fully, release after complete, avoid clipped transmissions j. avoid pleasantries Apart from the above mentioned, for some standard procedures there is a "formula", e.g.: CLEARANCE ISSUANCE formula (route / departure) 1. Destination 2. Route 3. Initial altitude 4. Cruising level 5. SID (Standard Instrumental Departure, which one among few possibles) 6. Squawk code (transponder code) 7. Departure frequency 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aeronautical phraseology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|